物鏡部故障

Objective lens malfunction

物鏡部作為硬性內窺鏡前端，是有可能發生故障的部位。物鏡部的物鏡蓋玻璃和導光束先端則是出現的問題比較多的部件。

The objective section, as the front end of a rigid endoscope, is a potentially faulty area. The objective lens cover glass and the leading end of the guiding beam in the objective lens department are the components with more problems.

（1）故障現象。物鏡蓋玻璃出現問題時會導致圖像模糊、甚至是圖像缺失。導光束先端出現問題時會導致圖像亮度下降、甚至是亮度缺失。

(1) Fault phenomenon. When there is a problem with the objective lens cover glass, it can cause blurring or even missing images. When there is a problem with the leading end of the guiding beam, it can lead to a decrease in image brightness, or even a loss of brightness.

（2）故障分析。物鏡蓋玻璃的故障多是由于使用不當、意外磕碰或者與其他動力設備觸碰后發生的破損、磨損、泄漏等情況（圖2~3）。導光束出現故障多是因為使用過程中或者清洗消毒過程中的磨損，導致導光束先端變得粗糙或破損（圖4）。

(2) Fault analysis. The malfunction of the objective lens cover glass is often caused by improper use, accidental collision, or damage, wear, leakage, etc. after contact with other power equipment (Figure 2-3). The malfunction of the guide beam is often caused by wear and tear during use or cleaning and disinfection, resulting in the roughness or damage of the guide beam tip (Figure 4).

（3）故障解決方案。物鏡部出現故障主要原因是人為誤操作導致，為避免故障出現，操作者要做到輕拿輕放，避免與其他物品碰撞。手術操作時，要注意不要與刨削器械或其他動力設備接觸，以免損傷硬鏡。清洗消毒時，一定注意物鏡部不要與堅固的消毒盒或其他器械接觸，避免在操作過程中損傷物鏡部。物鏡部故障可以尋找技術好的第三方維修，因為原廠維修往往會因為物鏡部一些小故障更換掉整個物鏡部和插入部，造成不必要的浪費。

(3) Troubleshooting solution. The main cause of malfunction in the objective lens department is human error. To avoid malfunctions, operators should handle them with care and avoid collisions with other objects. During surgical operations, be careful not to come into contact with planing instruments or other power equipment to avoid damaging the hard mirror. When cleaning and disinfecting, be sure to avoid contact between the objective lens and sturdy disinfection boxes or other instruments to avoid damaging the objective lens during operation. If there is a malfunction in the objective lens department, it can be repaired by a skilled third-party, as original factory repairs often replace the entire objective lens department and insertion part due to minor malfunctions in the objective lens department, resulting in unnecessary waste.

插入部故障

Insertion failure

插入部是直接探入病人體腔內的主要部件。操作者是通過移動插入部，使硬鏡到達病灶的佳觀察位置。有些孔徑比較小的硬性內窺鏡或者在術中需要用力操作的部位使用硬性內窺鏡時，很容易造成插入部的故障。

The insertion part is the main component that directly penetrates into the patient's body cavity. The operator moves the insertion part to reach the optimal observation position of the lesion through the hard mirror. When using rigid endoscopes with relatively small apertures or in areas that require forceful operation during surgery, it is easy to cause malfunctions in the insertion area.

（1）故障現象。插入部故障直接的現象就是插入部變形，而插入部出現變形時同樣會導致圖像模糊、甚至是圖像缺失、圖像亮度下降等現象。

(1) Fault phenomenon. The direct phenomenon of insertion failure is the deformation of the insertion part, and the deformation of the insertion part can also cause image blurring, even image loss, and a decrease in image brightness.

（2）故障分析。插入部故障的主要原因是操作者在使用過程中或清洗消毒過程中使用不當，導致插入部受外力變形（圖5~6），從而導致圖像或亮度出現故障。當插入部出現變形時，插入管內的透鏡組會因為外力導致破損甚至斷裂，從而導致圖像故障；同理，由于插入管變形導致光導纖維多束斷裂或扭曲，則會導致圖像亮度出現故障。

(2) Fault analysis. The main cause of insertion failure is improper use by the operator during use or cleaning and disinfection, resulting in deformation of the insertion part under external force (Figure 5-6), leading to image or brightness failure. When the insertion part deforms, the lens assembly inside the insertion tube may be damaged or even broken due to external forces, resulting in image failure; Similarly, due to deformation of the insertion tube, multiple bundles of optical fibers may break or twist, leading to a malfunction in image brightness.

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